Uman NUH | today: 10/16/2024
| Author(s) |
Gaviy V.M., Candidate of Biological Sciences, , Nizhyn State University named after Nikolai Gogol O.B. Kuchmenko, Doctor of Biological Sciences, , O.A. Tereshchenko, , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2019 | issue | Issue number 95. Part 1 |
| pages | 65-75 | index UDK | 581.143:577.175.1.05 | DOI | 10.31395/2415-8240-2019-95-1-65-75 (Link) |
| Abstract | Corn is one of the main grain crops both in Ukraine and around the world. The problems of increasing the productivity of maize plants are not only solved by selection and genetic methods, but also by the use of biologics and synthetic agents, which are increasingly becoming integral elements of intensive technologies for growing crops. The aim of the work was to study the effect of presowing treatment of seeds with the Polymixobacterin biological agent and the BAI-SI immunoprotector on the content of green photosynthetic pigments in the leaves of corn plants during the main phases of ontogenesis and its yield. It was established that in the 3-5 leaves phase in the control, the total content of chlorophylls a and b was 1.28 mg / g of wet weight, chlorophyll a – 1.03 mg/g of wet weight, chlorophyll b – 0.25 mg/g of wet weight. Presowing treatment of corn seeds with Polymyxobacterin allowed to increase the amount of chlorophylls a and b in the leaves of corn to 1.68 mg/g of wet weight, which exceeded the control indicators by 31.2%. Also, the specified biological product effectively stimulated the formation of chlorophyll b in corn leaves, exceeding the control indicators by 92%. In the ejection phase of the panicles, the total content of chlorophylls a and b in the control was 1.94 mg/g of wet weight, chlorophyll a – 1.38 mg/g of wet weight, chlorophyll b – 0.56 mg/g of wet weight. Presowing treatment of corn seeds with Polymyxobacterin showed the highest efficiency and allowed to increase the total content of chlorophylls a and b in corn leaves by 0.6 mg/g of wet weight, exceeding the control indicators by 30.9% respectively. The specified drug effectively stimulated the content of chlorophyll a and b in corn leaves, exceeding the control indicators by 26.8% and 41.0% respectively. The presowing treatment of maize seeds with BAI-SI made it possible to increase the total content of chlorophylls a and b by 0.42 mg/g of wet weight, chlorophyll a – 0.22 mg/g of wet weight, chlorophyll b – by 0.2 mg/g of wet weight, exceeding the control indicators for these indicators 21.6%, 16% and 35.7% respectively. The content of chlorophyll in the leaves of corn plants gradually grew in phases of growth and reached its maximum in the phase of milky ripeness of grain. In this phase, treatment with BAI-SI demonstrated the highest efficacy, increasing the content of the total chlorophylls, the content of chlorophyll a and the content of chlorophyll b by more than 40% compared to the control. The highest corn yield was observed during seed treatment with Polymyxobacterin and amounted to 9.35 tons per hectare, exceeding the control indicators by 28.8%. Whereas, the corn yield at treatment with BAI-SI was 8.96 tons per hectare, which exceeded the control indicators by 23.4%. Thus, Polymyxobacterin and BAI-SI are promising agents for growing crops. | ||
| Key words | biological agents, immunoprotector, photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll content, yield. | ||