Uman NUH | today: 10/19/2024
| Author(s) |
Slobodianyk H. Ya., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Ulyanych O.I., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Head of Department of of Vegetable Production, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Ternavskiy A.G., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Voysechovskiy V. I., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , National Agriculture University of Ukraine |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2019 | issue | Issue number 95. Part 1 |
| pages | 147-157 | index UDK | 635.261:631.526.32+631.547.2+631.559 | DOI | 10.31395/2415-8240-2019-95-1-147-157 (Link) |
| Abstract | The receipt time and productivity of cultivated vegetable plants depend on the variety. Factors that impede the spread of leek in Ukraine are the incomplete realization of the potential yield or low commercial quality of the sheath of some varieties. Knowledge of the ways the biomass of leek plants of different varieties develops and grows, helps to optimize the conditions for their crop formation. Therefore, on the experimental fields of Uman NUH within the period of 2016–2018 the leek of Matsek (control), Holias, Columbus, Vesta, Tango, Porbella and Bartek varieties were cultivated. The possibility to obtain an early harvest of leek depends on the diameter of its sheath, which in industrial ripeness should be at least 0.8–1.5 cm, depending on the kind of variety. During the research, more intensive development of plants of most leek varieties was observed in 2017, when the amount of precipitation and the average temperature in the first half of the vegetation period of the leek minimally differed from the norm. In particular, the industrial ripeness phase of the sheath of Golias and Tango varieties is marked 118–120 days after germination. In the control variant, the vegetational season lasted 129–136 days. In the Vesta variety of Bulgarian kind, the formation of a sheath with a diameter of 1 cm is noted on average in 123 days of cultivation. The photosynthetic potential of plants of all leek varieties is highly associated with the leaf area. Marketable yield also greatly depends on its overall level – the correlation coefficient r = 0.82 ± 0.17 for the Matsek variety. The highest level of photosynthetic net yield in plants of the Vesta variety is 5.96 g/m2 per day, and the area of its leaves was only 11.45 thousand m2/ha. During the research, the regularity of the maximum leaf area, commodity weight and yield of Columbus variety plants is 18.52 m2/ha, 190 g and 27.4 t/ha, respectively. The total and marketable yield of the Bartek variety was on average 48.5 t/ha and 24.4 t/ha, which is also significantly more than control. The significantly high level of marketable yield is also ensured by the cultivation of Vesta and Golias varieties with an increase of 9.5–10.0 t/ha. As a result of this work, it was concluded that the cultivation of Columbus, Vesta, Golias and Bartek leek varieties was expedient. | ||
| Key words | leek, variety, potential of photosynthesis, pseudostem, yield. | ||