Uman NUH | today: 12/22/2024
| Author(s) |
Kravets І.S., Candidate of Agricultural Science, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Suhomud O.G., Candidate of Agricultural Science, Associate Professor of Department of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Adamenko D.M., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2019 | issue | Issue number 94. Part 1 |
| pages | 50-59 | index UDK | 634: 11:663.293:663.1:653 | DOI | 10.31395/2415-8240-2019-94-1-50-59 (Link) |
| Abstract | The article presents the results of the research of the biological characteristics of the apple-blossom weevil and the insecticide efficiency in protecting industrial plantings from it. It has been established that the ecosystem of the apple orchard of the training and production department of Uman National University of Horticulture contains five species of plum curculios: Anthonomus pomorum L., Sciaphobus squalidus Gyll., Neocoenorrhinus pauxillus Germ., Rhynchites bacchus L., Rhynchites aequatus L., which belong to two families: Curculionidae and Rhynchitidae. The dominant species among them during the research years was the apple-blossom weevil (52.9%). The appearance of the first beetles of the apple-blossom weevil on the trees coincides with the phenophase of the apple tree “bud swelling”, the greatest amount of pests was observed in the phenophase “bud bursting” – “bud separation”, with the subsequent gradual quantity decrease. In late April – early May, the larvae appear, as evidenced by the indehiscent buds, which turn brown and dry during the pupation of the larvae (06.05-16.05). Damage of the buds by the pest larvae was in the range of 51.1-63.7%, which significantly reduced the yield of the apple tree. At the end of May, beetles appear from wintering areas. When studying the wintering areas of the apple-blossom weevil it was found that the largest part of the wintering pest population was concentrated in the upper soil layer (0–3 cm) at a distance of 0–100 cm from the root collar – 40.2-47.4%, with the increasing distance from the root collar the amount of beetles wintering in the soil, decrease. Also a significant number of beetles winter on the apple stems – 18.7-22.5%. The smallest number of wintering imagoes of the apple-blossom weevil was found in the tree crown – 6.5-8.5% and under the fallen leaves – 4.5-5.1%. Taking into account the high harmfulness of the apple-blossom weevil for industrial plantings of apple trees, the use of modern insecticides is an obligatory measure, which makes possible to reduce the bud damage to 1.4-1.9% and to receive get a yield increase of 2.05-3.77 t/ha. | ||
| Key words | apple-blossom weevil, developmental phenology, wintering areas, sum of effective temperatures, harmfulness, insecticides | ||