Uman NUH | today: 12/22/2024
| Author(s) |
Adamenko D.M., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Suhomud O.G., Candidate of Agricultural Science, Associate Professor of Department of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Kravets І.S., Candidate of Agricultural Science, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Krykunov I. V., , , Uman National University of Horticulture |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2019 | issue | Issue number 94. Part 1 |
| pages | 239-249 | index UDK | 63:631/635:632 | DOI | 10.31395/2415-8240-2019-94-1-239-249 (Link) |
| Abstract | The technology of sugar beet production involves the use of a complex of agrotechnical and other measures that provide sufficiently high yield of this crop. However, in some years the losses caused by the negative factors (diseases, pests and weeds) are quite significant and the average yield of sugar beet does not reach its genetic potential. It was established that the reserves of weeds in the soil layer of 0 - 50 cm on average in 2016 and 2017 amounted to 144.9 and 156.3 pcs./m2. In this case dominated dicotyledonous weeds - respectively 72.7 - 77.6% The actual level of perturbation, which was determined at the beginning of the period of vegetation of sugar beet, was 11.1-9.8% of monocotyledons and 88.9-90.2% of dicotyledonous species. Analyzing the weeds by the duration of life, it was noted that in the beets of sugar beet the largest share of the total was made by late woods - 39.4-43.1 and wintering species - 33.4-32.3%. Root aphid weeds represented by two species of thistles comprised 10.7-8.5% of the total amount of weed vegetation The species composition of the weeds was characterized by the predominant number of dicotyledonous species, which was dominated by the Stellaria media Vill. –– 6.2-6.5 pc./m2, Solanum nigrum L. –– 9.8- 11.9 pc./m2, Thlaspi arvense L. –– 9.9-10.9 pc./m2 and Viola arvensis Murr. –– 11.2 - 10.6 pc./m2. In a small number, there were other types of weeds –– Veronica arvensis L., Sonchus arvensis L., Cirsium arvense L. From the monocotyledonous weeds there was found a Setaria glauka L., Echinocloa crus-galli L.) and in a small number –– Agropyron repens L. The conducted studies have found that the use of Piramin Turbo – 5.0 l/ha (before sowing) and Targa Super – 2.0 l/ha and Piramin Turbo – 5.0 l/a (for vegetative weeds) with plant density of 110 thousand ha fully ensures the realization of the potential productivity of sugar beet with a minimum pesticide load on the field. | ||
| Key words | herbicides, ecological carelessness, weeds, weed species, sugar beet, monocotyledonous weeds, dicotyledonous weeds | ||