Uman NUH | today: 12/22/2024
| Author(s) |
Poltoretskiy S.P., Candidate of Agricultural Science, professor, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Poltoretska N.M., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , Yatsenko A.A., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2018 | issue | Issue № 93. Part 1 |
| pages | 107-118 | index UDK | 633.174:631.5 | DOI | 10.31395/2415-8240-2018-93-1-107-118 (Link) |
| Abstract | Studies of domestic and foreign scientists have shown that the photosynthesis productivity of plants depends on the assimilation surface, photosynthesis intensity, daily increase in the vegetative mass, the coefficient of solar energy use and others. Therefore, the larger the area of the leaf surface, the faster the accumulation of organic matter by the plants of agricultural crops is. It leads to an increase in the yield from a unit area of their sowing. Despite the large number of scientific publications, the study of the impact of timing and methods on the formation of leaf area is quite controversial. Therefore, the aim of the research was to create optimal agrotechnical conditions for a full-fledged production process of sorghum and soriz plants in the Western Forest Steppe by optimizing the time and method of sowing. Research methods. The research was conducted in 2014–2016 under the conditions of the experimental field of Podolsk State Agrarian and Technical University, located in the southern part of Khmelnytsky region. For heat and moisture content during the growing season, it refers to the southern thermal agroclimatic region. The experimental design assumed the following gradation factors: variety (factor A) – Vinets (sorghum), Genicheske 209 (sorghum) and Perlyna (soriz); sowing time (factor B) – the first period (the average daily soil temperature at a depth of 10 cm +10…+12 °C), the second term (+12…+14 °C, check variant) and the third term (+14…+16 °C); method of sowing (factor C) – the usual line (the width of rows between rows is 15 cm) and the wide-row (the spacing is 30 cm, 45 and 70 cm). The registration area is 100 m2. There are four experimental repetitions. Variants were by the method of split areas. Records, analyzes and observations were conducted according to generally accepted methods. By the results of three years of research, it is established that the formation of the leaf area of sorghum and soriz depends on biological characteristics of the variety and elements of the cultivation technology. The largest area of photosynthesis surface of crops was in the panicle earing stage when sowing sorghum and soriz at the average daily soil temperature +12…+14 °C, in a wide-row method with a row spacing of 45 cm, 37.6 and 39.1 thousand m2/ha, respectively, in Vinets and Genicheske 209 sorghum varieties and 1.3 thousand m2/ha in Perlyna soriz variety. | ||
| Key words | variety, sorghum, soriz, sowing method, leaf-area duration, leaf-area index. | ||