Uman NUH | today: 12/21/2024
| Author(s) |
Balabak A.F., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Pyzhyanova A.A., Postgraduate, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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|---|---|---|---|
| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2018 | issue | Issue № 92. Part 1 |
| pages | 8-17 | index UDK | 582.688.3: 631.535:634.1 | DOI |
| Abstract | The introduction into the culture of varieties of Нighbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), as well as the preservation of their economic and biological characteristics and properties, to a large extent, also necessitate the prospect of reproduction by stem cuttings. One of the most important factors for rooting green stem cuttings of blueberry varieties of tall trees is the conditions for the formation and growth of the root system, which are determined primarily by the agrophysical and agrochemical properties of the substrate. The regenerative capacity of introduced of Нighbush blueberry varieties was studied in the conditions of the Right-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine – Bluegold, Bluecrop, Darroy, Duke, Elliot, Spartan, Toro. The experiments were conducted in the nurseries of the Uman National Horticultural University, the National Arboretum "Sofiyivka" of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the "Brusvyana" LLC. The results of experimental studies on the effectiveness of the using of modifications of the substrate with different contents and the ratio of its constituent parts are presented: sphagnum peat (№ 1); river sand (№ 2); рeat of the Sphagnum Ridge + River Sand – 1:1 (№ 3); peat of the Sphagnum Ridge + river sand – 2:1 (№ 4); Peat Sphagnum Peat + River Sand – 3:1 (№ 5) and Peat Sphagnum Peat + River Sand – 4: 1 (№ 6) with the rooting of green stem cuttings of Нighbush blueberry varieties. It is established that one of the most important factors that affect the regenerative capacity of cuttings, the leveling and quality of planting material is the rhizosphere. The different root-forming ability of varieties is revealed, depending on the type of substrate, the type of cuttings and its metamerism in the optimal timing of cuttings. The specificity of differentiation of adventitious roots in green stem cuttings of Нighbush blueberries has its own peculiarities and depends significantly on the type of substrate. In the conditions of finely dispersed moistening with a drainage system, a single-layer substrate from the upper sphagnum peat and river sand in a ratio of 3: 1 and 4: 1 with a pH of 4.5–5.0 was positively recommended. These substrates have high density, good aeration, high water retention ability, high porosity and resistance to fungal and bacterial diseases. They promote the formation of roots, their active growth and development, as well as the growth of the aboveground part of the rooted cuttings and better survival in the process of growing. Studies may have a positive value in the development of ways to improve their own roots of difficult rooting of breeding varieties of Нighbush blueberry. | ||
| Key words | highbush blueberry, varieties, stem cuttings. regeneration, root development, cuttings type, the regenerative capacity of the substrate. | ||