Uman NUH | today: 12/03/2024
| Author(s) |
Nepochatenko Olena O., Doctor of Economics, Professor, Rector of Uman National University of Horticulture, Head of Department, Uman National University of Horticulture Barabash L.V., , , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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| Category | Economics | ||
| year | 2014 | issue | Issue #86 |
| pages | 6-13 | index UDK | 339.9.012.23(477) | DOI |
| Abstract | The modern state – is not only effective legal, economic, social and other sectors, but also developed international activity, in particular – trading export and import operations. And in this case the customs policy of the country has an important influence. By its nature, customs policy is a synthesis of protectionism of national interests and national security, and a composition of mutually beneficial partnerships with other states. And the achievement of optimal, balanced level of these criteria leads to indices balance of exports and imports of goods and services that strengthen the political system and the socio-economic condition of the state, increasing its credibility among the international community. In the process of its formation, the customs policy of Ukraine passed the fourth and now is on the fifth stage of implementation. Each of them is characterized by certain features, which are eventually leveled or increased. Conducted researches showed that used tools of customs policies implementation are not effective enough. It is caused by the fact that in connection with the entry of Ukraine in the ILO, its level of tariff protection of the domestic market decreased. In particular, significantly reduced the level of state support of national producers in the important and sensitive to fluctuations in the economic environment sectors – agriculture, ship-building, aeronautical engineering, mechanic engineering, building industry, pharmaceutical, coal and space industries. The above-mentioned actions led to decrease of average weighted tariff of Ukraine from 7.77% to 5.09%, while the corresponding indices in the EU countries are fixed at the level 5.4%, and in Japan – 5.1%. Indicators of export and import, which were examined separately for each period of the customs system development, witnessed a sharp decrease of the balance level of export and import in the 2004 – 2013: -11266,3 million dollars. Although, the rates of export and import increased by 26292,7 and 37559,0 million dollars, respectively. Therefore, the revision of customs tariff rates is urgently needed today, taking into account the interests of domestic producers and simplification of customs procedures. The consequence of the conducted actions will be increase of the level of domestic production, gross domestic product growth, creation of new workplaces, increase of the volumes of revenues to the budget of Ukraine and strengthening the socio-economic condition of the country as a whole. | ||
| Key words | customs policy, export, import, balance, customs tariff | ||