Uman NUH | today: 04/14/2024
| Author(s) |
Шевчук О. В., , , Hospodarenko G.M., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2023 | issue | Issue number 103. Part 1 |
| pages | 18-26 | index UDK | 633.11[622.767.2:631.8] | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2023-103-1-18-26 (Link) |
| Abstract | Aims. Establish the possibility of using liquid digestate as a by-product of processing chicken manure into biogas for early spring feeding of soft winter wheat. Methods. Field experiment, laboratory research. Fertilization of winter wheat with liquid digestate (30–100 t/ha), the initial product of which was chicken manure, was carried out in the spring in a field experiment with geographical coordinates 48o64' N and 29o21' E. The soil is dark grey forest of medium loamy granulometric composition. Results and conclusions. Liquid digestate has a high content of macro- and micro-elements and can be a valuable fertilizer product, taking into account the fact that it needs to be disposed of at a short distance from the biogas plant. Application of liquid digestate in doses of more than 30 t/ha in the spring does not contribute to a reliable increase in the yield of winter wheat. At a dose of 30 t/ha, it provides a reliable increase in the yield of winter wheat – 0.78 t/ha or 15 % but is inferior to production control with nitrogen mineral fertilizers. When applying digestate in a dose of 30–100 t/ha compared to the production control (fertilization with nitrogen fertilizers), the mass of 1000 grains and its nature is significantly reduced. The proportion of shrinked grain and that infected with Fusarium wilt increases, but the grain hardness, its protein and gluten content increases. For the collection of protein from 1 ha of winter wheat sowing (639–786 kg depending on the dose of digestate), this fertilizer is not inferior, and at high application doses (50–100 t/ha), production control with fertilization with nitrogen mineral fertilizers (677 kg/ha) prevails). Continue research on the effectiveness of fertilizing winter wheat with smaller doses of liquid digestate and the expediency of applying it to the main soil tillage in areas with late sowing dates. The introduction of liquid digestate, as an organic fertilizer, under winter wheat should also be planned taking into account preceding crop. In this case, winter wheat will make better use of its aftereffect and reduce the risks of plant lodging and fungal diseases. In those areas where liquid digestate is planned to be used on winter wheat, the cultivation technology should include the use of growth inhibitors, which will reduce the risks of plant lodging due to excessive nitrogen plant nutrition. | ||
| Key words | organic fertilizer, biogas, fertilization, productivity, grain quality | ||